論 A10G (~3090) 底下的Gemma 4跟Qwen 3.6測試心得

566656661

抱歉, 因為是軟件工程出身跟泡太多關於榨乾硬件性能的Reddit帖子 / Github Repo, 所以關於配置跟benchmark可能會帶有比較專業的名詞跟滿多數據, 之後會在回覆開頭加個tldr

這個帖子估計也會持續更新, 在實體空(摸)閒(魚)的時候拿來當實驗紀錄

dreamy2k

我也是用A10G但只用单卡，现在用QWEN3.6-35B-A3B Q4 使用中，但VRAM不够用，我想听听大神的建議，是买多一張A10G好还是有一張R9700 32G呢

566656661

好消息是你可以混合使用A + N卡, 你可以用Vulkan來將model分到兩張卡的VRAM上面, 然後llamacpp選用Vulkan, 我也曾經在Reddit上面聽過有人混合RTX 5070 Ti + RX 9070, 除了prefill速度慢了跟沒有特別優化之外應該沒什麼問題

壞消息是你需要自己編譯Vulkan內核

如果是普通人不太想太深入研究的話推薦直接買多一張A10G, 或者賣A10G換成R9700

碎碎念一下

~~跑去llamacpp看了一下, 很不負責地給一下編譯command~~

強烈建議使用docker container + Linux Kernel, 不要在Window底下編譯, 可以用這個試試看

編譯
rm -rf build && \
HIPCXX="$(hipconfig -l)/clang" HIP_PATH="$(hipconfig -R)" cmake -B build \
  -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
  -DGGML_BACKEND_DL=ON \
  -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF \
  -DGGML_CPU_ALL_VARIANTS=ON \
  -DGGML_CUDA=ON \              
  -DGGML_HIP=ON \
  -DGPU_TARGETS=gfx1201 \                           #(R9700 AI 架構)
  -DGGML_HIP_ROCWMMA_FATTN=ON \
  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
  -DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES="86" && \           #(3090 SM86架構)
cmake --build build --config Release -j 64

啟動
${HOME}/code/llama.cpp/build/bin/llama-server \
	--port 1234 --host 0.0.0.0 \
	--models-preset <你模型的啟動參數>.ini \
	--device CUDA0,ROCm0 --fit-target 3072,512        #(假設你第一張卡是插屏幕，需要預留多點VRAM)

terry

@566656661 这个牛，有空我也测试下，我正好A卡N卡都有

566656661

然後給一下Qwen 27B 參數 (4 * A10G)

Docker Image: vllm-openai:v0.22.0-cu129-ubuntu2404

vllm serve \
  --model Lorbus/Qwen3.6-27B-int4-AutoRound \
  --host 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8000 \
  --generation-config vllm \
  --served-model-name Qwen-3.6-27B-autoround \
  --dtype float16 \
  --quantization auto_round \
  --kv-cache-dtype fp8_e5m2 \
  --gpu-memory-utilization 0.90 \
  --max-model-len 192768 \
  --max-num-seqs 1 \
  --max-num-batched-tokens 8192 \
  --tensor-parallel-size 4 \
  --pipeline-parallel-size 1 \
  --data-parallel-size 1 \
  --language-model-only \
  --enable-auto-tool-choice \
  --mamba-cache-mode align \
  --limit-mm-per-prompt '{"image":0,"video":0}' \
  --speculative-config '{"method":"mtp","num_speculative_tokens":3}' \
  --compilation-config '{"cudagraph_mode":"PIECEWISE"}' \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --reasoning-parser qwen3

碎碎唸

基本上跟Gemma 4一樣，使用auto round來節省model weight

kv cache則使用僅有支持Ampere架構的fp8_e5m2, vllm可以透過fp8_e5m2模仿bfloat16, 並且轉換成int8獲得硬件加速, fp8_e4m3架構則不支持模仿

強烈不建議使用 --default-chat-template-kwargs '{"enable_thinking": false}', Token質量會斷崖式下降

以下是更新版的Benchmark

### Workload

| Metric                     | Run 05:17            | Run 05:28            | Run 05:36            |
| -------------------------- | -------------------- | -------------------- | -------------------- |
| dataset                    | random               | random               | random               |
| input length arg           | 1024                 | 1024                 | 1024                 |
| output length arg          | 256                  | 256                  | 256                  |
| input tokens mean/min/max  | 1034.4 / 1033 / 1036 | 1034.4 / 1033 / 1036 | 1034.4 / 1033 / 1036 |
| output tokens mean/min/max | 256.0 / 256 / 256    | 256.0 / 256 / 256    | 256.0 / 256 / 256    |
| num prompts                | 100                  | 100                  | 100                  |
| request rate               | inf                  | inf                  | inf                  |

### Request Outcome

| Metric                 | Run 05:17 | Run 05:28 | Run 05:36 |
| ---------------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| successful requests    | 100       | 100       | 100       |
| failed requests        | 0         | 0         | 0         |
| benchmark duration (s) | 430.22    | 427.70    | 443.72    |

### Latency

| Metric           | Run 05:17 | Run 05:28 | Run 05:36 |
| ---------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| mean TTFT (ms)   | 214258.88 | 211603.07 | 217519.66 |
| median TTFT (ms) | 211865.20 | 210793.65 | 213751.71 |
| P99 TTFT (ms)    | 422468.83 | 418775.36 | 435311.06 |
| mean TPOT (ms)   | 13.11     | 13.01     | 13.63     |
| P99 TPOT (ms)    | 21.82     | 16.84     | 19.43     |
| mean ITL (ms)    | 35.67     | 35.94     | 36.59     |
| P99 ITL (ms)     | 38.89     | 39.51     | 40.25     |

### Throughput

| Metric                          | Run 05:17 | Run 05:28 | Run 05:36 |
| ------------------------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| request throughput (req/s)      | 0.232     | 0.234     | 0.225     |
| output token throughput (tok/s) | 59.50     | 59.85     | 57.69     |
| total token throughput (tok/s)  | 299.94    | 301.70    | 290.81    |
| prefill throughput (tok/s)      | 4.8       | 4.9       | 4.8       |

### Memory And Cache

| Metric                      | Run 05:17                  | Run 05:28                  | Run 05:36                  |
| --------------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| VRAM before (MiB)           | 20261                      | 21143                      | 21143                      |
| VRAM peak (MiB)             | 21143                      | 21143                      | 21143                      |
| VRAM peak per GPU (MiB)     | 21143, 21143, 21143, 21143 | 21143, 21143, 21143, 21143 | 21143, 21143, 21143, 21143 |
| RAM used peak (MiB)         | 22076                      | 20870                      | 20798                      |
| vLLM process RSS peak (MiB) | 1825                       | 1825                       | 1825                       |
| gpu/kv_cache_usage peak     | 1.2%                       | 1.2%                       | 1.2%                       |
| prefix caching enabled      | false                      | false                      | false                      |
| prefix cache hit rate       | n/a                        | n/a                        | n/a                        |

### Speculative Decoding

| Metric              | Run 05:17 | Run 05:28 | Run 05:36 |
| ------------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| acceptance rate (%) | 58.75     | 60.16     | 57.49     |
| acceptance length   | 2.76      | 2.80      | 2.72      |

---

566656661

Qwen 27B 參數 (2 * A10G)

Docker Image: vllm-openai:v0.22.0-cu129-ubuntu2404

vllm serve \
  --model Lorbus/Qwen3.6-27B-int4-AutoRound \
  --host 0.0.0.0 \
  --port 8000 \
  --generation-config vllm \
  --served-model-name Qwen-3.6-27B-autoround \
  --dtype float16 \
  --quantization auto_round \
  --kv-cache-dtype fp8_e5m2 \
  --gpu-memory-utilization 0.95 \
  --max-model-len 192768 \
  --max-num-seqs 1 \
  --max-num-batched-tokens 4096 \
  --tensor-parallel-size 2 \
  --pipeline-parallel-size 1 \
  --data-parallel-size 1 \
  --language-model-only \
  --enable-auto-tool-choice \
  --mamba-cache-mode align \
  --limit-mm-per-prompt '{"image":0,"video":0}' \
  --speculative-config '{"method":"mtp","num_speculative_tokens":3}' \
  --compilation-config '{"cudagraph_mode":"PIECEWISE"}' \
  --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder \
  --reasoning-parser qwen3

碎碎唸

思路基本上跟A10G * 4一樣, batch token 降到4096, gpu memory utilization 上到0.95

以下是更新版的Benchmark

### Workload

| Metric                     | Run 07:09            | Run 07:17            | Run 07:26            |
| -------------------------- | -------------------- | -------------------- | -------------------- |
| dataset                    | random               | random               | random               |
| input length arg           | 1024                 | 1024                 | 1024                 |
| output length arg          | 256                  | 256                  | 256                  |
| input tokens mean/min/max  | 1034.4 / 1033 / 1036 | 1034.4 / 1033 / 1036 | 1034.4 / 1033 / 1036 |
| output tokens mean/min/max | 256.0 / 256 / 256    | 256.0 / 256 / 256    | 256.0 / 256 / 256    |
| num prompts                | 100                  | 100                  | 100                  |
| request rate               | inf                  | inf                  | inf                  |

### Request Outcome

| Metric                 | Run 07:09  | Run 07:17  | Run 07:26  |
| ---------------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| successful requests    | 100        | 100        | 100        |
| failed requests        | 0          | 0          | 0          |
| benchmark duration (s) | 463.34     | 478.80     | 474.50     |

### Latency

| Metric           | Run 07:09   | Run 07:17   | Run 07:26   |
| ---------------- | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- |
| mean TTFT (ms)   | 232418.08   | 238435.64   | 236922.49   |
| median TTFT (ms) | 231770.91   | 238065.71   | 238316.95   |
| P99 TTFT (ms)    | 455414.07   | 470471.84   | 466104.09   |
| mean TPOT (ms)   | 14.38       | 15.00       | 14.83       |
| P99 TPOT (ms)    | 24.48       | 20.19       | 22.90       |
| mean ITL (ms)    | 39.04       | 39.49       | 39.32       |
| P99 ITL (ms)     | 41.72       | 42.91       | 42.08       |

### Throughput

| Metric                          | Run 07:09 | Run 07:17 | Run 07:26 |
| ------------------------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| request throughput (req/s)      | 0.216     | 0.209     | 0.211     |
| output token throughput (tok/s) | 55.25     | 53.47     | 53.95     |
| total token throughput (tok/s)  | 278.50    | 269.50    | 271.94    |
| prefill throughput (tok/s)      | 4.5       | 4.3       | 4.4       |

### Memory And Cache

| Metric                      | Run 07:09                  | Run 07:17                  | Run 07:26                  |
| --------------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| VRAM before (MiB)           | 20731                      | 21693                      | 21693                      |
| VRAM peak (MiB)             | 21693                      | 21693                      | 21693                      |
| VRAM peak per GPU (MiB)     | 21691, 21693, 3, 3         | 21691, 21693, 3, 3         | 21691, 21693, 3, 3         |
| RAM used peak (MiB)         | 16572                      | 15092                      | 15119                      |
| vLLM process RSS peak (MiB) | 1837                       | 1837                       | 1837                       |
| gpu/kv_cache_usage peak     | 3.1%                       | 3.1%                       | 3.1%                       |
| prefix caching enabled      | false                      | false                      | false                      |
| prefix cache hit rate       | n/a                        | n/a                        | n/a                        |

### Speculative Decoding

| Metric              | Run 07:09 | Run 07:17 | Run 07:26 |
| ------------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- |
| acceptance rate (%) | 58.40     | 55.60     | 56.28     |
| acceptance length   | 2.75      | 2.67      | 2.69      |

566656661

Qwen 27B 參數 (1 * A10G)

放棄, VRAM太過於緊張了, 有幾次雖然成功架構vLLM但是壓力測試失敗, 過於不穩定

有需要的人可以看著這個折騰, 但這涉及太多偷改內核的東西, 很有可能下一個版本就無法再用, 姑且不使用

https://lcz.me/topic/417/找到个蛮有用的用3090部署本地模型的repo

c0aster

我的3090跑qwen3.6 27B,TOKEN 54 t/s，但写代码完整的项目，不能直接运行，deepseek v4直接OK，好像实际意义不大，opencode跑的完整项目，简单页面确实能直接跑起来，同样提示词（前端效果的），效果和deepseek差距巨大，是我使用方式不对么

566656661

@c0aster

Deepseek在伺服器那邊基本上都會有Prompting優化, 本地的AGENT.md跟Rules基本上不會有同樣的效果

倒不如說根本追不上, 就算是同樣的Prompting, 一個27B跟一個1600B-A49B (1.6T-A49B, DeepSeek-V4-Pro), 基本上就是螞蟻跟大象的分別

本地最大的優勢就只是在處理敏感資料跟不會額外收費而已

terry

这个系列的帖子很好，很有参考价值，有其他的也可以分享下。

抡锤者

論 A10G (~3090) 底下的Gemma 4跟Qwen 3.6測試心得

碎碎念一下

碎碎念一下

碎碎唸

碎碎唸